tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-22266850735379704132024-03-13T10:18:57.294-07:00The Jones Surname DNAConnecting loose ends.The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.comBlogger107125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-4179911922655534872017-05-24T05:08:00.000-07:002017-05-24T05:08:15.379-07:00Foundational Concepts : A SummarySo there you have it. How to understand the origins of all this DNA and genealogy stuff. At least where the terms are derived among the branches. Let's summarize.<br />
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1) The first and earliest DNA to be associated with family trees (doing genealogy) comes through the maternal side...known as mtDNA [name from the mitochondrial structures located out side of the nucleus]. This form of DNA gave rise to a nomenclature called "haplogroups" which were associated with geographic locations.<br />
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2) Male descent [Y-chromosome] became the next wave of "genetic" genealogy. As the linear sequence of the DNA contained came to be understood, all labs needed to agree upon the labeling. Broken down by the type of changes that have occurred along this linear arrangement, another series of "haplogroups", divided even further to "haplotypes", became the rave of genealogy. The term MRCA [most recent common ancestor ] was used to calculate a likelihood of sharing a common ancestor based upon the matches shared among folks who had this method of DNA tested.<br />
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3) The next phase of genetic genealogy expanded the population base [both male and female] that could be tested. Using techniques that "stained" the surface of the 22 chromosomes called "autosomes", this process gave a map of the staining patterns found associated with the various types of specialized proteins called "histones". This form of testing allowed identification of the geographic locations which clustered these changes. Then, the various markers identified among these autosomes could be assigned to the ethic groups they represented, resulting in the "pie" figure now frequently shown. <br />
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A simple diagram follows:<br />
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<br />The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-49540227690167480882017-05-02T08:00:00.000-07:002017-05-02T08:01:34.673-07:00Foundational Concepts of DNA (3)The various cells of the human body are assigned particular tasks. Stomach cells produce acid, kidney cells save water, and liver cells remove certain items from the blood are all examples. Now while each cell is carrying out its assigned function, the DNA contained in its nucleus lives in a very poorly defined form called "chromatin". Special proteins (many provide structural and enzymatic support) are called "histones", and bind to certain areas along the DNA. When the signal to divide and produce new cells is given, this chromatin, along with its histones, begins a cycle of changes becoming a more visible and distinct form called "chromosomes". Except for the ova/sperm cells, there are 22 pairs of chromosomes in each cell called autosomal. These none sexual cells, called "autosomes" , provide the stages for what is called "autosomal DNA". It is the associated histones (to each chromosome) that are marked and analyzed. This analysis becomes the bases for the reports generated.<br />
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To give a sense of the relative size of a chromosome, the follow is my attempt to draw in proportion #1 chromosome [an autosome] in relationship to the X and Y chromosomes [the sex chromosomes].<br />
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Foundational concept 3 = chromosomes package our DNA including the associated specialized helper proteins called histones. The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-26214487312351173032017-04-03T06:33:00.000-07:002017-04-03T06:33:17.613-07:00Foundational Concepts of DNA (2)Corporate headquarters for your DNA is the nucleus. At the same time, multiple branch offices reside scattered around that part of the cell out side of the nucleus called the "cytoplasm". These branch offices are called "mitochondria" and contain a much smaller, circular shaped DNA passed down from the moms of the world. You have come to call this mtDNA [ for this unique form of circular DNA located in the branch offices]. A big picture of this single cell organization is shown.<br />
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The yellow area is the nucleus. The clear moist looking area is the cytoplasm. Within each branch office [mitochondria] are specialized copy machines called "ribosomes". Communication between the home office and all the branches use special messengers to carryout the purpose of this organization called RNA [<u><b>r</b></u>ibo<b><u>n</u></b>ucleic <b><u>a</u></b>cid]. Three RNA forms exist called messenger RNA... transfer RNA... and ribosomal RNA. Universally accepted as the central tenant, the purpose of DNA is to make proteins: 1) new DNA is copied from the existing DNA, 2) messenger RNA is copied from DNA, and 3) proteins are made from this messenger RNA. Wow...what a deal.The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-72483358943257110132017-03-13T08:11:00.000-07:002017-03-13T08:11:26.145-07:00Foundational Concepts of DNAThe DNA revolution has produced a number of new opportunities for the eager genealogist. Along with these opportunities come a host of unusual terms, fancy words, and confusing outcomes that can make for some, a very difficult experience. For those, who like me, continually express...<i>say what!</i>...this post will begin perhaps a series of posts on some basic ideas surrounding all this DNA stuff. So, let's begin.<br />
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Our human existence is dependent on the cell, the basic unit of life. All "us humans" are made up of these cells, and come from cells. As we know it, one of the most important aspect of these cells is reproduction. [Good thing or we would'nt be here!] At any rate, it is during this reproduction that our genetic traits get pass down. Now this DNA ( <b><u>d</u></b>oxyribo<b><u>n</u></b>ucleic <b><u>a</u></b>cid ) is the molecule of inheritance for all. These poor cell's DNA is the thing that gets knocked around in all these labs...scraped, dipped, broken apart, multiplied, electrified, analyzed, and...the results printed out, as the "Holy Grail" of our long lost relatives still among the family tree. <br />
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The basis for most traits past down is the functional unit of inheritance call the "gene". Each gene is given a specific position (location or loci) along the DNA molecule to be preserved and transmitted on down the family tree. These genes control our biological processes through the production of proteins and a special modification called RNA ( <b><u>r</u></b>ibo<b><u>n</u></b>ucleic <b><u>a</u></b>cid ). The genetic composition of all genes is called the "genotype". The observable inherited traits [ physical, behavioral, physiological, etc.] is given the word "phenotype".<br />
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Foundational concepts 1) Genes form the basis of our inheritance.<br />
<br />The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-30754457092518407222016-08-15T12:05:00.000-07:002016-08-15T12:05:19.751-07:00Haplogroup HangoutsOur human Y-chromosome has experienced a number of mutations since the dawn of man. On the most part, these mutations have been identified and given a standard nomenclature. Called "haplogroups" , they have been organized by number [DYS #] and alphabetized A - T. Their chronology has been estimated, with "haplogroup A" starting things off some 60,000 years ago, or so. Their geographic locations have been identified. The following figure was drawn some six years ago when trying to put all this DNA stuff together. I thought it might be of interest in the very broadest sense. <br />
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The haplogroups are shown in a chronological sense top to bottom. The DYS # associated with each haplogroup is listed. The general "hangout" for each haplogroup(s) is written underneath each. The green swipe represents Africa with migration "out of Africa" identified. Various colors then mark in the broadest terms, the migration patterns thought most likely for each haplogroup. The JONES surname haplogroup is approximaly 75% R1b, and is shown by the darker blue line.<br />
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Give it a go. If you see any errors or need for more recent information please comment. Here you have my take on the haplogroup hangouts.The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-723500215445824432016-07-13T07:33:00.000-07:002016-07-13T07:33:51.419-07:00That Y-chromosome (part 4) Other SurnamesThe particular haplotype R1b1a2 is one of the most common to carry the surname JONES. It is also defined as R-M269 which is the genetic marker that is tagged for this group. The following chart shows additional surnames that have been found to have the same marker [R-M269] from those who have tested their Y-DNA. The listed is given in alphabetical order for the 61 other surnames that are found to match those with the surname JONES among my own DNA study groups. What a deal!<br />
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When testing your own Y-DNA for your JONES surname, you may find that those among this list are more likely to match you than another JONES!The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-24213057577844874172016-03-02T09:37:00.000-08:002016-03-02T09:38:55.491-08:00That Y-chromosome (part 3)Since our Y-chromosome found its way out of Africa, a number of pathways were followed. The Mediterranean Sea placed a coast line which provided a road to split that Y-chromosome east to west. The northwestern coastal group soon ran into other geographic boundary's with the Black Sea being northwest, and Caspian Sea being northeast, and the Caucasus Mountains in between. It was around this 550 mile mountainous system that our R-haplogroup is thought to have first appeared. I suspect that the ice curtain that kept going up and down also had something to do with the next migration groups. The R1-haplogroup scattered about leaving this Y-chromosome as far northeast as the slopes of the S. Ural mountains [Bashkirs] and the Basque area of western Europe.<br />
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Central Europe seemed to be one place that the R1b - haplogroup settled around those salt mines that were so important for early human survival. For our JONES surname things [genetically] took roots both in culture and language. Expanding their horizons they moved about the Iberian peninsula [and other places] and finally found their way up St. George's channel to place their Y-chromosome among the islands. For R1b1a - haplogroup [roughly 75% of us with the JONES surname ] the Welsh (Anglesey) at 89%, and Basque area (French, Spanish) at 88%, and the Turkic people (Bashkirs) were found with 86%. [confines of S.Ural mountains]<br />
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For those interested: 1) Irish = 82% , 2) Scots = 77%, 3) Spanish (Minorca) = 73% , 4) Dutch (Germanic west) = 70%. What a deal...that same Y-chromosome is found among most of those with the JONES surname of Welsh descent.The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-17167855851464688692016-02-15T07:40:00.000-08:002016-02-15T07:40:27.298-08:00That Y-Chromosome (part 2)The runt of the litter it is as shown by the last post. Its linear array of genetic information carries 78 genes. Now if you can imagine pushing this little fellow from the top down, forcing it flat on a page of paper, you might get something like this:<br />
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The 78 genes line up along a physical structure [called a helix ] with the genetic code written along in units of three molecules [each molecule called a nucleotide] to make directions for its protein. Now on the Y-chromosome when one of these nucleotides get replaced by mutation, this becomes an identifiable marker. It is a "single"..."nucleotide"..."polymorphism" [change] which is labeled "SNP".<br />
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The markers that have become recognized as distinct changes to tag for various genetic groups have been discovered. For the haplogroup R they are shown above. Each marker has a specific physical location along the genome. When this marker is found by DNA testing, it can identify a ethic group which has past on these changes. For haplogroup R, this change is believed to have occurred some 30,000 years ago, and has been labeled M173. The R1b marker is labeled M343, and the R1b1a2 marker is M269. It is interesting that the M269 marker is believed to have occurred some 5,000 to 8,000 years ago which is also the time that the English Channel was formed. At any rate, the following chart shows a big picture of the hapogroups as they have been thought to happen along the sands of time.<br />
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You can follow each haplogroup and its believed date of mutation. This is for the Y-chromosome only...what a deal for this little runt.<br />
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Note: The drawing above does not show the exact physical location along the genome of each mutation. It is drawn as an example. The "Gene Tree Haplgroups" I created for my own understanding some years in the past. Hopefully it will provide another way to visualize the chronology of this Y-chromosome. The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-60457629451243647112016-01-17T08:46:00.000-08:002016-01-17T08:46:05.944-08:00That Y-Chromosome (part 1)All this recent DNA stuff has gotten beyond confusing. Haplogroups, haplotypes, DYS#, locus, alleles, marker numbers, clades, subclades, mtDNA, autosomal DNA, SNPs, STPs, MVPs, MTVPs, big-Y or something like that; and on, and on, it goes. Not too long ago, it was just the Y-chromosome, a 12-marker test, a snip or two, and off you went to that DNA sunset.<br />
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Not any more it seems. What's one to do? A "big" picture came to mind...that "Y-chromosome" started things off. [actually it was that mtDNA = Seven Faces of Eve... but for me things got started climbing my own family tree through the male descent]. At any rate, a "big picture" removed from all that word soup might be of help. So here goes.<br />
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The Y-chromosome carries the linear array of genetic information essential for male sex determination. It is the smallest of all the chromosomes. To give you a visual picture of its related size to the other chromosomes, I have traced an image from the late prophase (a stage during its duplication phase) of a normal male karyotype. (a way the chromosomes can be visualized by their size, shape, and number)<br />
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Here you have it...the runt of the litter. Chromosome #1 [the largest chromosome in size] is shown in comparison to the Y/X chromosome which would be numbered #23. It only carries 78 genes, whereas the X-chromosome gene carries around 2,000 genes. Doesn't seem fair...does it..., but its advantage is that it contains the largest "nonrecombining block" in the human genome. [nonrecombing portion of the Y-chromosome written = NRY] In 1997, a way to detect changes [mutations] was formalized called "denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography", so off to the races it was. The "Y Chromosomes Consortium Cell Line Repository". The study of mutations [called polymorphisms] on the nonrecombining potion of the Y-chromosome. Who would have guessed from the runt of the litter.<br />
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The tracing shown above is made from "figure 7-6. Karyotype of normal male, with chromosomes in late prophase" p. 278 , Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, Behrman(Ed.), 4th Edition, Saunders....a text from my medical practice.<br />
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<br />The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-66670270332531372232015-12-15T07:14:00.000-08:002015-12-15T07:14:13.452-08:00R1b1 DistributionThought it would be helpful to outline the distribution of the R1b haplogroup. My own JONES surname haplogroup is R1b1a2. The counties (areas) with the highest per cent are listed:<br />
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Welsh (Anglesey) 89% n=88<br />
Basque (French/Spanish) 88% n=67<br />
Bashkirs (Turkic People) 86% n=43<br />
Irish 82% n=222<br />
Scots 77% n=61<br />
Spanish (Minorca) 73% n=37<br />
Dutch (Germanic West) 70% n=27<br />
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<br />For those of Welsh descent...here we are...right at top! That Celtic genome it is.The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-56523371033815278022015-10-24T10:59:00.001-07:002015-10-24T10:59:43.513-07:00Discussing DNA - As A GenealogistAt the cellular level, the human species functions under the directions of DNA.(1) For each individual, this DNA is a unique combination of certain molecules passed down; half from father, and half from mother. This combination is held within a specialized structure called a chromosome.(2) There are 23 pairs of these DNA carrying structures, resulting in 46 total individual chromosomes. [22 pairs are called autosomes(3), and 1 pair is called germ cells, or sex chromosomes. Some get all the fun!] All lumped together, this is called the genetic material from which we all exist.<br />
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The purpose of these chromosomes are to deliver a correct copy of itself to each daughter cell. When these copies are changed from their original form, they are called mutations.(4) These mutations are permanent alterations that can be passed down the family tree, one generation to the next. These changes can occur at a single site (point mutation), or involving the insertion or deletion of a number of genetic sites. (variable or multiple site mutation) These changes, when recognized, have become "markers" among certain genetic groups that become a method of ethic identification. [haplogroups to haplotypes]<br />
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For the genealogist, the most important markers occur on 1) the Y-chromosome. [one of the sex chromosomes], 2) specialized DNA found in the ribosomes(5) of the mother in structures called mitochondria (6), and 3) on any other of those chromosomes called autosomes.<br />
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A series of drawings are shown which represent these concepts:<br />
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<u>Y-chromosome DNA</u> which is passed down from father to son on the "Y" sex chromosome -<br />
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Squares and circles are drawn to represent the male [square], and female [circle]. The mutation found on this chromosome is a single [point mutation] called SNP - pronounced "snip".<br />
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<u>Mitochrondrinal DNA</u> is inherited through the maternal line.<br />
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This collection of DNA is relatively small but necessary for the energy production in all cells. [For those interested this is called oxidative phosphorylation. Leave it up to all the moms of the world!]<br />
The term is given as "mt-DNA" where "mt" stands for mitochrondrial.<br />
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<u>Autosomal DNA</u> are markers identified among the chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes. They are passed down from the ancestors as a group of markers. They are used to make generalized ethic determinations found among the families' prior generations. This is generally expressed as a per cent of each marker that occurs among the family group. It does not show a direct descent from their parents to their children, only distinct mutations that have occurred among family members of past generations.<br />
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Whew...what a deal!<br />
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(1) DNA = <u>d</u>eoxyribo<u>n</u>ucleic <u>a</u>cid [pronounced = dee-ox-e/ rye-bow/new-clee-ick ass-id] At least from my Kentucky twang!<br />
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(2) chromosome [pronounced = chrome-o-zone]<br />
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(3) autosomes = any chromosome other than a sex chromosome [pronounced = auto-zone (s) ]<br />
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(4) mutations = the process where changes occur in the number or structure of the genetic material<br />
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(5) ribosome = a structure outside the normal location of regular DNA (in the cytoplasm) that is responsible for protein synthesis. This specialized DNA is found in the structure called the mitochrondria<br />
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(6) mitochrondria [pronounced = mito-condre-ah] = semi-autonomous organelle (in all cells) which produces the energy for life called oxidative phosphorylation [pronounced = oxy-date-ive phos-for-a-la-tion]The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-11225426840265408242015-02-04T07:56:00.000-08:002015-02-04T07:56:45.325-08:00Haplogroup GeographyThe various haplogroups have a distinct geographic distribution. The following figure shows this distribution in broad general terms as the "per cent" of the haplogroups for certain parts of the globe.<br />
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The highest per cent for the geographic area outlined at the top of the figure, is shown in blue marker. For example, haplogroup E is found in approximately 61% of those tested from "Sub-Saharan" Africa. This same haplogroup if found in 53% of those tested from "North Africa". Haplogroup J is found in 44% of those tested from the "Middle East". My "JONES" haplogroup R is found in 45% from "Europe", followed by 41% from "South Asia", and 31% from "Central Asia". For Wales it is found in 84%! Move over Wales, here comes the JONES surname. [Interestingly haplogroup Q is found in 95% of those coming to the American continent.]<br />
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The data is taken from my research notebook 225B (RN #225B) titled "Human DNA - Out of Africa".The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-60888126462826906572015-01-14T08:04:00.000-08:002015-01-14T08:04:07.725-08:00Haplogroups to HaplotypesOur human genome has been around a long time. Since its beginning, any random, permanent change in the DNA molecule has been called a "mutation". A change in one nucleotide base pair represents a "point mutation", and is referred to in genetic lingo as "single nucleotide polymorphism" or "SNP" which is pronounced "snip". The Y-chromosome is the smallest of those DNA chains called chromosomes, and is least likely to undergo mutations among all 46. [ that male stubbornness I guess] Once a single base pair mutates, it becomes a distinct marker for that chromosome. This marker is then past along among the male descendants. These markers have been identified, and have come to be called "haplogroups". They have been labeled using the alphabet A thru T, with "haplogroup A" starting things off. The following chart shows these haplogroups starting around 60,000 BC.<br />
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As time has progressed, these haplogroups have undergone additional genetic changes, at various additional sites, involving multiple nucleotide bases. [Whew...can you keep that straight] These are again random chances but involve at least two base combinations next to one another (tandem) or at different (variable) sites along the DNA molecule. These additional changes among the "haplogroups" are called "haplotypes". The number of haplotypes vary, and those haplogroups with the highest number of haplotypes are shown in the figure above.<br />
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Haplogroup "E" has the highest number of haplotypes with 58. This is followed by haplogroup "J" with 34, and haplogroup "O" with 31. My JONES surname haplogroup "R" comes in forth with 29 haplotypes.<br />
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Now if you take the number of haplogroups and divide by the number of "1000 year of existence", you come up with a ratio of mutations per thousand years! For example, if you take haplogroup "E" with its 58 haplotypes and divide by 50 [ the number 50,000/1000 = 50] you get a ratio of 1.16 mutations per 1000 years. If you take my JONES haplogroup "R" [29 divided by 30,000/1000 ] you get a ratio of .967 per 1000 years. However, if you take haplogroup "J" [ 34 divided by 25,000/1000] you get a ration of 1.36 mutations per 1000 years. How about that...you get roughly 1 mutation per 1000 years for the haplogroups. Haplogroups to haplotypes...part of our human family tree.<br />
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Data taken from "Y-Chromosome Phylogenetic Tree" from Genome Research and Family Tree DNA.<br />
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<br />The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-83482205349342176832014-03-29T10:57:00.000-07:002014-03-29T10:57:52.790-07:00A New BlogCan you believe it...a new blog on "Networking Jones Genealogy". One theme is of course DNA and those with the JONES surname. It's goal is help provide a location for those who share an interest in this topic (subject) along with a number of other subjects that are important in this tree climbing thing called genealogy. You can check this blog at:<br />
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http://tjgnjg.blogspot.com for a statement of goals and the purpose of the blog.<br />
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If you have an interest in any of the themes, please let your self join in the networking with others who share this terminal illness. Networking Jones Genealogy is the name.The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com7tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-61576435338601126512013-06-17T05:03:00.000-07:002013-06-17T05:03:33.144-07:0012 Marker - Exact MatchesThe folks who have shown a 12 marker exact match to my own DNA have some very different sounding surnames. Say what!...was my first response to this finding. These folks were to have shared a common ancestor some 1000 years ago. [Roughly around the time of the Norman invasion to the island.] The following are those surnames.<br />
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Amshoff<br />
Boyle<br />
Claxton<br />
Doharich<br />
Sharp<br />
Gilmore<br />
Johnson <br />
Weirich<br />
Pritchard<br />
Gill<br />
Leonard<br />
Pearson<br />
Fouriner<br />
Uttridge<br />
Muradoglu<br />
Maudire-Janton<br />
Tilton<br />
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... say what!<br />
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Are there any folks out there with the surnames above who have done their DNA? Would love to try and make the historical connections to these surnames? Our common ancestors must have been close by around 1100 AD...!The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-24743767860774352702013-04-08T08:08:00.000-07:002013-04-08T08:08:36.069-07:00A R1b1a2 from UkraineSending a hello to the Ukraine. A R1b1a2 begins his twitter at Arthwr Celt. We share the same haplotype. It must be from those Caucasian roots at the eastern side of the Black Sea. Anyone else out there who share these roots? Please post and say hello.The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-16541334993990728972012-07-15T06:09:00.001-07:002012-07-15T06:12:09.451-07:00My Research Notebooks : A New BlogWhen all this DNA stuff began several years ago, I was hesitant to join in the fun. What if all my years ( 52 years at present) of genealogy tree climbing would be wrong. What if having my DNA analyzed would prove I was from "China" and not "Wales". For several years I was scared to ask this question. But, the bullet was bitten, and from Wales indeed I come!<br />
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My research along the way has been organized and stored in notebooks. Long before this DNA was available (Watson-Crick just starting their base pairing), I started climbing the family tree. (Beginning 1960!)<br />
Over the years, this research has been placed into notebooks. This new blog is my attempt to outline this research [mostly into the surname JONES] and describe the content of each notebook. Hopefully, this will give the family tree climber an opportunity to review these topics.<br />
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The notebooks are physically located at my personal library, The Joseph Wheeler Jones Memorial Library, Danville, KY. They are available for use to any genealogist who would care to come and explore. Please contact me and let me know you would like to examine the content. You can search the blog sight using the "search" tag for subjects and content. You can contact me using the comment section on any of my blogs.The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-26627015598800162252012-06-30T07:40:00.000-07:002012-06-30T07:41:14.038-07:00A Chang in ChinaInterest in the JONES surname DNA continues. Several folks have written with information regarding their JONES family. MJ Jones writes: "Yes, trying to find a Jones in Pennsylvania is like trying to find a Chang in China."<br />
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At any rate, this JONES family is haplogroup G. The writer goes on to state that no one in the immediate family seems to be interested in exploring their DNA and seeks some help. The lineage is of Price Thomas Jones, b. 1813 in Pennsylvania. Any Jones, haplogroup G from PA out there?<br />
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Please keep those cards and letters coming!The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-33095134145222580302012-06-18T04:08:00.000-07:002012-06-18T04:08:33.265-07:00COPYRIGHT NOTICE (3)This is my third blog to post this notice. Sorry for repeating the copyright, but it is necessary to place on all the blogs I have created. This copyright includes all pictures, charts, graphs, maps, tables, text, and materials published.<br />
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<i>You may not use the contents of this site (blog and posts) for commercial purposes without</i> <i>explicit written permission from the author and blog owner. Commercial purposes includes blogs with ads and income generation features and/or blogs or sites using feed content as a replacement for original content. Full content usage is not permitted.</i><br />
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Jerry E. Jones, MD, MS, <i>The Jones Genealogist</i>, Library of Congress No. 6192-01064476.<i> </i>The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-38916147312790772222012-02-29T11:38:00.002-08:002012-02-29T11:50:53.550-08:00Jones Surname and Haplogroups: A ReviewThe JONES surname is one of the most common among the Islands. [Wales, England, Ireland, and that big one across the pond the U.S.!] Haplogroups have been identified from those who have submitted their DNA and indicated an interest in the JONES surname. The following is a summary based upon an analysis of these results.<br /><br />Haplogroup R1b is roughly 76%. [Assumed to be Celtic roots?]<br />Haplogroup I is roughly 10%. [Assumed to be Viking or Norman?]<br />Haplogroup E is roughly 6%. [Assumed to be African-American?]<br />Haplogroup G is rougly 3%. [Assumed to be Asia Minor?]<br />Haplogroup J is roughly 2%. [Assumed to be Middle Eastern - Jewish?]<br />Haplogroup R1a is roughly 2%. [Assumed to be Anglo-Saxon?]<br /><br />Anyone with the JONES surname and a known haplogroup please respond. Would like to identify family trees with the surname JONES!The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com18tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-12582701017468088202012-02-15T06:11:00.004-08:002012-02-16T04:26:18.647-08:00Reader's Choice: The Top 10 PostsThe posts that have received the most views by the readers of the blog "The Jones Surname DNA" are listed below. If you have missed any, please read...or just read again. The title is listed, followed by the date that the post was written. Use the table of posts listed to the right(on the blog site called "Blog Archive") to find the date and the post. Here goes:<br /><br />1) The Gene Tree, Haplogroups - Dec. 30, 2010.<br />2) Celtic Tribes to Welsh Tribes - March 2, 2011.<br />3) The Jones Surname : Not Genetic But Phonetic - June 18, 2011.<br />4) DNA and Genealogy - Sept. 6, 2010.<br />5) Utilizing This Blog - Dec. 27, 2011.<br />6) Multiple Roots - June 22, 2011.<br />7) Jones Surname DNA : A Haplogroup Hypothesis - June 27, 2011.<br />8) Add Your Jones Family DNA - Aug. 19, 2011.<br />9) Learning The Alphabet - Sept. 19, 2010.<br />10) The Celtic Tongues - Feb. 22, 2011.<br /><br />Based upon 5,544 views as of 2/15/12.The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-74956715114744859252012-01-18T05:32:00.000-08:002012-01-18T05:54:01.713-08:00A R1a JONES FamilyA haplogroup distribution for the JONES surname has been presented in previous posts. [See: http://jonessurnamedna.blogspot.com/2011/05/those-other-jones.html and http://jonessurnamedna.blogspot.com/2011/10/jones-surname-fire-works-intended.html ]<br /><br />A JONES family with roots in Virginia sent their DNA results for a 37-marker test. They are found to be R1a. They have traced their line back to Elisha Jones of Campbell Co., VA, born about 1791, and died 1864/65. A son Charles H. Jones continues the line. Out of curiosity, I compared my own 1st 12-marker results, showing only a 50% match for DYS values. [My JONES family from Virginia is R1b1a2.] <br /><br />Anyone with R1a haplogroup out there? Please join the fun! We have at least two distinct JONES family haplogroups from Virginia.The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-20613208936140615802011-12-27T05:17:00.000-08:002011-12-27T11:28:07.665-08:00Utilizing This BlogUnderstanding DNA and how it might be useful to the genealogist is the purpose of this blog. Starting from the atom, it tells the story of the DNA molecule. It is intended for the genealogist who has no real background in the science fields, but wishes to gain a little understanding about this complex subject.<br /><br />The post of September 6, 2010 begins this adventure. "DNA and Genealogy" is its title. This is followed by a series of posts which attempts to build the structure of this DNA molecule from the bag of salt water that surrounds us all. The chemicals of life they are called, and where this DNA molecule "lives" is introduced. Using "Super Hero" atoms, the basic molecule making up this DNA is shown. By September 19, 2010, the alphabet of life is presented which defines the spelling of this thing called the "genome". Phosphate, plus sugar, plus nitrogenous base makes sweet music in this thing called life!<br /><br />A way to conceptualize DNA in 3-D is presented next, starting with the post of October 10, 2010. Making your "bucket list" is important here. Basic principles are listed, and a description of "mutation" is presented. [Post of November 13, 2010.]<br /><br />A little snip here and there follows, with a description of DNA, the codon, and the alphabet that defines all. Understanding the "terms" which are used by the folks dealing with this DNA testing is next... a whole bunch of them!<br /><br />The "Gene Tree" is then presented. [The post of December 30, 2010.] Here the concept of the "haplogroup" can be visualized. Then, "haplogroups" to "haplotypes" are presented. The distribution by geography is shown. [The post of January 10, 2011.]<br /><br />Our genetic trail out of Africa is then presented. The Rift Valley to the Delta of the Danube are discussed.<br /><br />Since the JONES surname has Celtic roots, this is the focus of the next series of posts dating from February 10, 2011 to March 14, 2011.<br /><br />Using my own DNA, and genealogy of more than 50 years, the next series of posts outline some 53 generations! Imagine that...wow! [March 23, 2011 to May 2, 2011.] The haplogroups that have been discovered to share the surname JONES are then presented. This includes the concept of "Most Recent Common Ancestor" (MRCA). [June 5, 2011.]<br /><br />The genealogy of the JONES surname is then related. It is phonetic, not genetic! [See post June 18, 2011.] Multiple roots connect the name.<br /><br />Finally, the family groups that share the JONES surname are presented. The haplogroups are discussed, and an invitation to join this adventure is given.<br /><br />Wow...seeking and using this DNA can be fun. This blog is written to help the genealogist utilize this information. Good tree climbing... <em>The Jones Genealogist.</em>The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-1382552365306711162011-11-28T10:24:00.000-08:002011-11-28T10:54:49.808-08:00Good Stuff!The human species is controlled (defined) by 46-chromosomes. These 46 chromosomes are packaged in 23 pair, numbered 1-23. [Imagine that!] Numbers 1-22 are called "somatic". They control the cells. Number 23 gets all the fun, and is called the "sex chromosome". It is passed down during reproduction. The Y-chromosome is transmitted from father to son. The X-chromosome is transmitted from father and mother to daughter. [Gives the mitrochrondial DNA written as mtDNA.]<br /><br />Each chromosome is a series of nucleotide bases which are arranged in units of three (3). These units 0f three (3) are called the codon. It is a series of codons that make proteins. A series of codons that work is called a "gene"!<br /><br />The "gene" falls along a section of the much longer DNA molecule. [Containing multiple genes.] Its location is called a "loci". Each gene has two sides opposite. These sides are called "alleles". Allele numbers identify the address along the long strand of DNA molecules (genome). A loci number gives the street address of these alleles. [Its cytogenetic location!]<br /><br />DYS nomenclature is: <span style="font-weight: bold;">D</span> = DNA, <span style="font-weight: bold;">Y</span> = Y-chromosome, <span style="font-weight: bold;">S</span> = (unique) segment. This identifies the unique location along the Y-chromosome where a change (mutation) has occurred. A single nucleotide change is called a <span style="font-weight: bold;">SNP</span> (snip). A number of changes that have occurred very near to one another, is called <span style="font-weight: bold;">STR</span> (short tandem repeat.)<br /><br />Haplogroups are determined by the methods called SNP analysis.<br /><br />Haplotypes are determined by STR analysis.<br /><br />Wow...good stuff!The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2226685073537970413.post-23800245934770397382011-11-17T07:22:00.001-08:002012-06-18T04:10:22.603-07:00Roots<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-vVxIeIDWrVQ/TsUnI1EOYMI/AAAAAAAAAtg/oCdECtbSkx8/s1600/File29.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5675985938007613634" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-vVxIeIDWrVQ/TsUnI1EOYMI/AAAAAAAAAtg/oCdECtbSkx8/s320/File29.jpg" style="cursor: hand; cursor: pointer; float: right; height: 320px; margin: 0 0 10px 10px; width: 264px;" /></a>Roots are the foundation of the plant. In Welsh, the word "plant" means children. As you know, in genealogy, the roots of the children are their ancestors. Ancestors (roots)...children (plant)...interesting use of words.<br />
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Since the JONES surname is Welsh, our roots go back to the tribal groups that occupied the Islands from its early days. (Albion and Hiberna) [Claudius Ptolemy tagged these islands around 150 AD! Of course Albion is the big island, and Hiberna is the little.] Thus our Y-chromosome would take these roots.<br />
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The following tables list the Celtic tribal groups that have been named among those who occupied the islands. They are arranged by somewhat of a geographic location, with those known above Antonine Wall (Firth of Forth), North of Hadrian's Wall (Solway Firth), and south of Hadrian's Wall. [Roughly Scotland today.] The tribal groups in Wales and the Marches are next, with the single tribe from what is now Cornwall. Those tribes in the central, southern, and eastern area of the big island are listed next.<br />
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The nine tribal groups from Ireland are:<br />
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Dalriata<br />
Nagnatae<br />
Erdani<br />
Cauci<br />
Auteini<br />
Gangani<br />
Vellabori<br />
Brigantes<br />
Iverni.<br />
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This gives a total of 35 tribes. What a group it is! The roots of our Y-DNA. Somewhere there is the Y-chromosomes for the JONES surname! Any guesses?<br />
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Various sources have been used to compile this list, the major ones are:<br />
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Celtic Britain, by Lloyd Laing, p.11, Charles Scribner's Sons, NY, 1979<br />
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A History of Britain, by Simon Schama, p.59, p.83, talk miramax books, NY, 2000<br />
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The Oxford Illustrated History of Roman Britain,p.4, p.29, p.94, p.143, p.147, by Peter Salway, Oxford University Press, 1993.<br />
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Roman Britain, Outpost of The Empire, by H.H. Scullard, p.24, Jarrold and Sons, Ltd., Norwich, 1979.<br />
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The Celts, Uncovering the Mythic and Historic Origins of Western Culture, by Jean Markale,p. 11, Inner Traditions International, Rochester, Vermont, 1993.<br />
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Please note that not all spellings were the same, and not all sources listed the same number of tribes.<br />
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-NW8_sEPDGxg/TsUm9wuuEuI/AAAAAAAAAtU/ZTwAM7SoFpM/s1600/File30.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"></a>The Jones Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08384328568699198104noreply@blogger.com0